Executive & Legislative

Executive, Legislative, and Other General Government Support (NAICS 9211) covers the executive and legislative branches at federal, state, and local levels — the White House and federal departments not classified elsewhere, the US Congress and state legislatures, the federal courts (some classified separately), and the executive and legislative functions of ~89,000 US local governments. The federal government employs ~2.3 million civilian workers across executive-branch agencies (excluding the postal service, contracted workers, and uniformed military). State governments employ another ~5 million people, and local governments ~14 million. Combined annual federal civilian payroll exceeds $300 billion. Major executive offices include the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the General Services Administration (GSA — the federal IT and procurement function), and the Office of Personnel Management (OPM). The legislative branch includes Congress, the Congressional Budget Office, the Government Accountability Office, and the Library of Congress.

AI is being adopted across federal, state, and local executive and legislative functions, with the GSA's 18F and the Technology Transformation Services (TTS) groups serving as cross-government AI capability builders. The 2023 Biden Executive Order on Safe, Secure, and Trustworthy AI (since superseded by Trump-era policy revisions) shaped federal AI procurement and use. Agencies like the Social Security Administration, the IRS, the VA, and the State Department have publicly disclosed extensive AI deployments. Constituent-service AI (chatbots for benefits inquiries, AI-augmented case workers) is widely deployed. Legislative drafting and policy analysis use AI summarization extensively — Congressional staffers regularly rely on AI for bill summaries, hearing transcripts, and constituent-correspondence triage. The Federal AI Use Case Inventory (mandated by the AI in Government Act and subsequent EOs) catalogs ~1,800+ identified federal AI uses as of 2025. State governments have increasingly published similar inventories. Procurement AI (AI-augmented contract review, vendor selection, performance monitoring) is being adopted across the GSA and major procurement-heavy agencies (DoD, VA, NASA, DHS).

The federal civilian workforce faces structural AI-driven role evolution. Constituent-services and FOIA-response roles are seeing the most direct AI augmentation — AI-drafted responses, AI-categorized document review (eDiscovery-style for FOIA productions), and AI-augmented intake. Policy-analyst roles in OMB, CBO, GAO, and major-agency policy offices are heavily AI-augmented; the work has shifted toward higher-level strategic analysis as AI handles routine synthesis. Legislative-staff roles (congressional research, committee staff, member-office staff) are growing in absolute headcount but with AI tooling now standard. IT and digital-services roles inside the federal workforce are growing. The Office of Personnel Management has begun publishing AI-skills requirements for new federal hires. New roles: federal AI-program manager, agency Chief AI Officer (mandated by the 2024 OMB memo M-24-10), AI-acquisition specialist, AI-governance specialist. State and local governments are following the federal pattern with substantial lag — major cities (NYC, LA, Boston, San Francisco, Seattle) are most advanced.